Public, economic and cultural conditions of cultivation of a grapevine are considered. The history of dissemination of culture of grapes in Russia, and in particular in Kabardino-Balkaria is researched. The factors determining dissemination of culture of grapes and consumption of wine are called.

Soil climatic conditions of development of wine growing in Kabardino-Balkaria are characterized, opportunities and need of revival and development of a wine-making industry on the basis of an integrated approach to the solution of the existing problems and increases in a role of the state support are proved.